福建省集体林权制度改革后面临的主要森林经营问题

对福建省永安、邵武、武夷山、建阳、光泽、上杭、厦门、德化8个县市集体林权制度改革后的森林经营问题进行调查与分析,认为集体林权制度改革后福建省森林经营上主要存在造林树种单一、林业技术培训满足不了林农需求、造林补助低和林权纠纷普遍存在等问题.藉此提出了采用广泛宣传、科技培训和奖励等方式鼓励林农进行多树种经营,构造新的林业服务体系,提高造林补助等对策或建议.     

杉木与乳源木莲混交林生物量分布规律研究

在调查杉木与乳源木莲混交林及杉木纯林(对照)生长量的基础上,进一步分析了杉木与乳源木莲混交林及杉木纯林地上部分各器官及各径级根生物量分配格局。研究结果表明,杉木与乳源木莲混交林中杉木的生长及林分总生物量的积累均优于杉木纯林。从生物量分配上看,杉木与乳源木莲混交林中杉木及纯林中杉木其地上部分各器官的分配均表现为树干>叶>枝,但混交林中杉木叶和干分配率略大于纯林,而枝分配率略低于纯林;混交林中杉木各径级根的生物量均大于杉木纯林。     

安徽省查湾天然常绿阔叶林结构特点

对安徽省祁门查湾自然保护区亚热带常绿阔叶林成熟林分的结构特点进行了调查分析。结果表明:该林分在600 m2的样地内出现树种数(D≥3.0 cm)为11个,多样性指数为1.94,均匀度指数为0.81,低于我国东部中亚热带其他地区常绿阔叶林。但林下植被树种(D≤3.0 cm)多样性较高,出现树种数达21种,表明森林植被干扰后树种多样性得到了较好恢复。     

杉木萌芽更新技术与调查分析

通过对杉木萌芽更新林分1～15年生长观测分析,结果表明:1～4年幼树阶段平均树高、地径分别达4.1m、9.5 cm,是同林龄实生幼林的241.2%、351.9%;10年生杉木萌芽更新林分平均胸径、树高、蓄积量分别达11.4 cm、7.8 m、97.9 m3/hm2,是同林龄实生林的142.5%、116.4%、159.2%;15年生杉木萌芽更新林分平均胸径、树高、蓄积量分别达15.6 cm、10.3 m、192.8 m3/hm2,是同林龄实生林的126.8%、103.0%、118.4%;从杉木萌芽更新和实生苗造林前期成本投入来看,前者是后者成本的60.8%。可见,杉木萌芽更新是投入少、技术简单、生长快、轮伐期短的更新方式。     

Molecular mapping and characterization of traits controlling fiber quality in cotton

Cotton (Gossypium spp) is the world's leading natural fiber crop. Genetic manipulation continues to play a key role in the improvement of fiber quality properties. By use of DNA-based molecular markers and a polymorphic mapping population derived from an inter specific cross between TM-1 (G. hirsutum) and 3-79 (G. barbadense), thirteen quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling fiber quality properties were identified in 3-79, an extra long staple (ELS) cotton. Four QTLs influenced bundle fiber strength, three influenced fiber length, and six influenced fiber fineness. These QTLs were located on different chromosomes or linkage groups and collectively explained 30% to 60%of the total phenotypic variance for each fiber quality property in the F₂ population. The effects and modes of action for the individual QTLs were characterized with 3-79 alleles in TM-1 genetic background. The results indicated more recessive than dominant, with much less additive effect in the gene mode. Transgressive segregation was observed for fiber fineness that could be beneficial to improvement of this trait. Molecular markers linked to fiber quality QTLs would be most effective in marker-assisted selection (MAS) of these recessive alleles in cotton breeding programs. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Prediction of pine mistletoe infection using remote sensing imaging: A comparison of the artificial neural network model and logistic regression model

In this study, the prediction of pine mistletoe distribution in Scots pine ecosystems was explored using remote sensing variables to compare the multilayer perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network (ANN) and logistic regression (LR) model performances. For this purpose, 109 sample plots were distinguished in pure Scots pine forests (natural) in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. Distinguishing mistletoe-infected stands (69) and uninfected stands (40) was performed with field observations. The variables acquired from Landsat 8 (Level 1) images were used as independent variables for independent-sample t-test, MLP ANN and LR models. Remote sensing variables indicated that mistletoe-infected stands were in drier areas with a lower vegetation-leaf area index. Based on the performance results of both models, the sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of the MLP ANN model were superior to those of the LR model. The prediction percentages (SEN, SPE, PPV and NPV) of mistletoe-infected stands were better than the prediction percentages of uninfected stands. The prediction accuracies of LR and MLP ANN models were 74.3% and 89.6%, respectively. However, all remote sensing variables were included in the prediction equation of the MLP ANN model, while the thermal infrared 1 (TIRS1) variable was included in the LR model. In the MLP ANN model, the TIRS1 variable also had the highest normalized importance (100%). The area under the curve (AUC) value for identifying the mistletoe-infected stands of Scots pine forests used by the MLP ANN model (0.892 ± 0.034) was higher than in the LR model (0.838 ± 0.039), explaining the more accurate predictions obtained from the MLP ANN model. The MLP ANN model showed much better performance than the LR model. The results of this study are expected to make important contributions to the identification of potential mistletoe-infected areas.     

Decision Making for Vendor Selection With AHP and Random Disposal of DEA

The vendor selection directly relatives to the procurement quality and influences the competition of the corporation in the supply chains. It is important and practical to study the vendor selection method. The measuring criteria and the method for vendor selection are analyzed. The authors put forward an new method which is combined with both the advantage of analytic hierarchy process (AHP ) and random disposal of data envelopment analysis ( DEA) for vendor selection. It introduces a random variable which solves the disadvantage of the weigh value in DEA which convert subjective estimation to objective opinion in the course of the vendor selecting. The method can improve the reliability of the vendor selection.     

Fractional brownian motion and binary market models

We prove a Donsker type approximation theorem for the fractional Brownian motion in the case of the Hurst index greater than one half. With this approximation we construct an elementary market model that converges weakly to the fractional analogue of the Black Scholes model. We show that there exist arbitrage opportunities in this model.     

An EOQ Model at Random when Average Demand Is a Linear Increasing Function

For certain types of inventory, the ordering cycle and demand may be random variants, which satisfy certain types distribution. The classical EOQ model usually neglects the fact. Based on the constant demand, under the hypothesis that the ordering cycle is a random variant which satisfies exponent distribution, average demand is a linear increasing function, this paper considers the effects of the time-value of capital and inflation on replenishment strategy of inventory system. Loosening the condition of basic economic order quantity model under deterministic state, the total cost function of the model is provided. The optimum order quantity and cycle are obtained. The application range of EOQ model under the constant demand is widened. The theoretical evidence is provided for the inventory system to make management decision.     

VARIABLE DAMP STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY DUE TO MULTIPLE RANDOM EXCITATIONS AND SENSETIVITY ANALYSIS

The reliability of random vibration is discussed,and then by using the first order perturbation method and with the aid of relation of the systemic response function to the first order sensetivity of variable damp parameter, the rate of change of structural reliability indication is derived, therefore the constraint equation to guarantee reliability for the structural optimization design is proved and the satisfactory result is obtained,test and the practicability of this method is tested.